Unsaturated quaternary ammonium halides of certain saturated heterocyclics and process of preparation



' ing therefrom.-

Patented Sept. 23, 1952 UNITED I smrias ear-am oFFI-sc U NSATUR'ATED" QUATER-NARY- AMMUNIUM HALIDES OF- CERTAIN SATURATED HET- EROCYGLI-CS -AND PROCESS OF PREPARA- TION Nol-Drawing; Applicationflctober 18,1949, I Serial.No.122,124

1 p This invention; relates; to; fa methodfor preparing unsaturated quaternary ammoniumhalideshaving at least two unsaturated. groups attached tothe p entavalent nitrogen and to the new; unsaturated; quaternary compounds result- Itis an object of this invention to produ'cei-a new class of quaternary ammoniumderivatives which contain. at .leastltwo; unsaturated .allcene radicals attached to' ajpentaval'enti mtrogenl' in combination with radicals "selected from the group consisting-f alkyl,,monocyclic, heterocyclic,' aryl, alkeneand halogen-Iradicals.-. More particularly, it 11's amohjetl of this invention to produce nitrogeneous'. compounds having at least two. unsaturatedi'radi'cals. attached to the pentavalent nitrogen. whiclil'are, capable ofqbeing' polymerized into thermosetti'ng waterins'oluble polymers suitable'forion' exchange resll'lS.

Itfis a. further object of this invention to prepare unsaturated ammonium halides from readily availableraw materials by a process capable of being carried outwith standard laboratory equipment.

I These objects are attained ac'cordingto the herein described invention wherein nitrogeneous compounds are reacted withhydrocarbon. derivatives in order to producepentavalent. nitrogen compounds with" at least'.two ofthelsubstituent groups being lineariunsaturated iira'dical's; joined: to the"pentavalent'initrogerrby' a single-bond It has" been "found thatliamientirely "new class of ammonium". compounds: re-- sults.- t

For example, thisinventiorr'pertains to pentavalent nitrogentpcompound's; having the following general formulae:

wherein Xi represents' a non hydrocarbon-"radi- 11 Claims; (011260-247) 2 EXAMPLE I' Butyl triallyl. ammonium bromide.O-ne mole ofallyl bromidewasadded'dropwi'se withstirring to one mole ofbutyl di'allyl' amine; using a'cetophenone as solvent. A" small amount of hea'twas applied to start the reaction. The product: was recrystallized from ethylalcohol. Yield: 77%; 175 C4; analysis:- percent-Br calculated: 29.14; per cent Br found: 2898* EXAMPLE II Tetrallyl pipemzim'um dibromide.-Two-moles ofallyl bromide was added dropwise to one mole of N; N-diallyl piperazine, using acetophenone as solvent. The temperature. of, the reaction was increased slowly from80- 'C. to C; as

the. reaction proceeded Thewhite crystalline A y-ield of' 65%--0f S the salt was' obtained-after purification by recrystallization from alcohol. M. P. CI; analysis: calc.: 1'7.41 %'-Cl;' foundi 17.29% Cl.

I D iiB methylallyl) piperidinium bromide;+-One mole of B-met-hylallyl' bromide wasadded; drop wise with stirring-to: a solutionrof one;mol'e1of B-methylallyl piperidine' in acetophenone: The reactionwas heatedi'undergentlereflux for one andone-half hours. The. solid product which separated was purified by." recrys-tallization from sisting of alkyl,,monocyclic, heterocyclicijalkene,

and-aryl radicals; f The preparation'of tIieneW'unSaturate'd 'qua ternary ammonium halides may more readily be understood by a consideration of the following illustrative examples of the laboratory preparation of the products of this invention.

.. p EXANLPLE v Diallyl dimmem zazzyzy iperaanmm'aibrd mille -A two to one molar ratio of allyl bromide and 'N-,N---di (B rriethylallyl') f pipera'zifrie in 'acetoe ph'enone was heat'edforr on'e 'hour aftergtli'e arcs-p wise addition of the. allyl premise; with stirring, was" complete. The white solid' which" separated was purified by dissolving in ethyl alcohol and salting out with ether. Yield: 54%; M, P. 182 C.; analysis; per cent Br calc.: 36.63; per cent Br found: 35.57.

chloroform and salting out with ether.

3 EXAMPLE v1 Ally! B -methylallyl pipcridinium bromide.- An equal molecular ratio of allyl bromide and B-methylallyl piperidine in acetophenone as solvent was heated slightly to start the reaction which proceeded without further heating. The solid product was purified by dissolving in chloroform and salting out with ether. Yield: 72%; M. P. 195.5 0.; analysis: per cent Br 02.10.: 30.71; per cent Br found: 31.10.

EXAMPLE VIE AZZyZ B-methylallyl morpholinium bromide-- One mole of allyl bromide was added dropwise with stirring to one mole of B-methylallyl morpholine, using acetophenone as solvent. The reaction was heated for one and one-half hours. The solid product was purified by dissolving in Yield: 53%; M. P. 197 0.; analysis: per cent Br oalc.: 30.48; per cent Br found: 30.56.

EXAMPLE VIII Benzg l triallyl ammonium bromide-Using an equimolecular ratio of reactants, .allyl bromide was added dropwise with stirring to benzyl diallyl amine, using acetophenone as solvent. The productwas recrystallized from ethanol. Yield: 7 M. ;P. 132 (2.; analysis: per cent Br calc.: 25.93; per cent Br found: 25.70.

EXAMPLE IX Diallyl piperz'dimlum bromide-Using an equimolecular ratio of reactants allyl bromide was added dropwise with stirring to allyl piperidine, using acetophenone as solvent. The solid was purified by recrystallization from a mixture of chloroform and ether. Thepure compound decomposed on slow heating. It had a flash melting point of 190 C. Yield: 79%; analysis: per cent Br Cale; 32.47; per cent Br found: 3264.

EXAMPLE X Diallyl morpholinium bromidc.On-e mole of allyl bromide was added dropwise to one mole of allyl morpholine dissolved in 100 cc. of acetophenone. The reaction was complete upon completion of the addition of the allyl bromide. The product was purified by recrystallization from ethanol. Yield: 89%; M. P. 213 C.; anal.: per

cent Br 02.10.: 32.2; per cent Br found: 32.3.

EXAMPLE XI or scope thereof. It is understood that the inwith up to one oxygen atom along with sufficient CH2 groups to complete the heterocyclic ring, the remaining valence bonds of said nitrogen being satisfied by a halogen and two alkenyl radicals containing less than eight carbon atoms.

2. Tetra allyl piperazinium dibromide.

3. Allyl B-methylallyl morpholinium bromide.

4. Diallyl morpholinium chloride.

5. Diallyl di (B-methylallyl) piperazinium dibromide.

6. A process for the preparation of unsaturated quaternary ammonium salts which comprises reacting an unsaturated aliphatic halide with a saturated six membered heterocyclic compound having at least one trivalent amino nitrogen in said heterocyclic ring and up to one oxygen atom along with sufiicient CH2 groups to complete the heterocyclic ring, the remaining valence bond of said nitrogen being satisfied by an alkenyl radical containing less than eight carbon atoms, in the presence of acetophenone as a solvent while maintaining the temperature at a sufiicient elevation to carry the reaction to completion.

7. A process as claimed in claim 6 in which the unsaturated aliphatic halide is allyl bromide.

S. A process as claimed inclaim 6 in which the heterocyclic compound is B-methylallyl morpholine. 9. A process as claimed'in claim 6 in which the unsaturated aliphatic halide is allyl bromide and the nitrogenus compound is N,N-diallyl piperazine.

10. A process as claimed in claim- 6 in which the unsaturated aliphatic halide is allyl bromide and the heterocyclic compound is N,N'-di(B methylallyl) piperazine.

11. A process as claimed in claim 6 in which the unsaturated aliphatic halide is met-hallyl bromide and the heterocyolic compound is N,N'-diallyl piperazine.

GEORGE B. BUTLER. ROBERT L. BUNCH.

REFERENCES CITED UNITED STATES PATENTS Number Name Date 2,191,922 'Bruson Feb. 27, 1940 2,295,504 Shelton Sept. 8, 1942 2,309,592 Hueter Jan. 26, 1943 2,349,752 Pollack May 23, 1944 2,366,727 Gun-derson 1 Jan. 9, 1945 2,464,260 Rieveschl Mar. 15,1949 2,483,749 Wittcofi Oct. 4, 1949 FOREIGN PATENTS Number Country Date 771,746 France Oct. 15', 1934 782,930 France July 5, 1935 804,391 France Oct. 22, 1936 806,662 France Dec. 22, 1936 681,850 Germany Oct. 3, 1939 609,454 Great Britain Sept. 30, 1948 OTHER REFERENCES Steinkopf et -al.: Chem.- Abs., vol. 19 (1925), pp. 1402-1403.

Solvents in Synthetic Org. Chem, MacArdle (Van Nostrand (20., N. Y.) p. 105. 

1. A QUATERNARY AMMONIUM HALIDE SUITABLE FOR POLYMER FORMATION COMPRISING A SATURATED SIX MEMBERED HETEROCYCLIC RING HAVING AT LEAST ONE PENTAVALENT NITROGEN ATOM INCORPORATED THEREIN WITH UP TO ONE OXYGEN ATOM ALONG WITH SUFFICIENT CH2 GROUPS TO COMPLETE THE HETEROCYCLIC RING, THE REMAINING VALENCE BONDS OF SAID NITROGEN BEING SATISFIED BY A HALOGEN AND TWO ALKENYL RADICALS CONTAINING LESS THAN EIGHT CARBON ATOMS. 